本文实例讲述了Scrapy框架基本命令与settings.py设置。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：
1.创建爬虫项目
scrapy startproject [项目名称]
2.创建爬虫文件
scrapy genspider +文件名+网址
3.运行(crawl)
scrapy crawl 爬虫名称 # -o output 输出数据到文件 scrapy crawl [爬虫名称] -o zufang.json scrapy crawl [爬虫名称] -o zufang.csv
4.check检查错误
scrapy check
5.list返回项目所有spider
scrapy list
6.view 存储、打开网页
scrapy view http://www.baidu.com
7.scrapy shell, 进入终端
scrapy shell https://www.baidu.com
8.scrapy runspider
scrapy runspider zufang_spider.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Scrapy settings for maitian project
#
# For simplicity, this file contains only settings considered important or
# commonly used. You can find more settings consulting the documentation:
#
# https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html
# https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
# https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
BOT_NAME = 'maitian'
SPIDER_MODULES = ['maitian.spiders']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'maitian.spiders'
#不能批量设置
# Crawl responsibly by identifying yourself (and your website) on the user-agent
USER_AGENT = 'maitian (+http://www.yourdomain.com)'
#默认遵守robots协议
# Obey robots.txt rules
ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False
#设置日志文件
LOG_FILE="maitian.log"
#日志等级分为5种：1.DEBUG 2.INFO 3.Warning 4.ERROR 5.CRITICAL
#等级越高 输出的日志越少
# LOG_LEVEL="INFO"
#scrapy设置最大并发数 默认16
# Configure maximum concurrent requests performed by Scrapy (default: 16)
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 32
#设置批量延迟请求16 等待3秒再发16 秒
# Configure a delay for requests for the same website (default: 0)
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html#download-delay
# See also autothrottle settings and docs
#DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 3
# The download delay setting will honor only one of:
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN = 16
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP = 16
#cookie 不生效 默认是True
# Disable cookies (enabled by default)
#COOKIES_ENABLED = False
#远程
# Disable Telnet Console (enabled by default)
#TELNETCONSOLE_ENABLED = False
#加载默认的请求头
# Override the default request headers:
#DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {
# 'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',
# 'Accept-Language': 'en',
#}
#爬虫中间件
# Enable or disable spider middlewares
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
#SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {
# 'maitian.middlewares.MaitianSpiderMiddleware': 543,
#}
#下载中间件
# Enable or disable downloader middlewares
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
#DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
# 'maitian.middlewares.MaitianDownloaderMiddleware': 543,
#}
# Enable or disable extensions
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/extensions.html
#EXTENSIONS = {
# 'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole': None,
#}
#在配置文件 开启管道
#优先级的范围 0--1000；值越小 优先级越高
# Configure item pipelines
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
#ITEM_PIPELINES = {
# 'maitian.pipelines.MaitianPipeline': 300,
#}
# Enable and configure the AutoThrottle extension (disabled by default)
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/autothrottle.html
#AUTOTHROTTLE_ENABLED = True
# The initial download delay
#AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY = 5
# The maximum download delay to be set in case of high latencies
#AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY = 60
# The average number of requests Scrapy should be sending in parallel to
# each remote server
#AUTOTHROTTLE_TARGET_CONCURRENCY = 1.0
# Enable showing throttling stats for every response received:
#AUTOTHROTTLE_DEBUG = False
# Enable and configure HTTP caching (disabled by default)
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html#httpcache-middleware-settings
#HTTPCACHE_ENABLED = True
#HTTPCACHE_EXPIRATION_SECS = 0
#HTTPCACHE_DIR = 'httpcache'
#HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_HTTP_CODES = []
#HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = 'scrapy.extensions.httpcache.FilesystemCacheStorage'
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希望本文所述对大家基于Scrapy框架的Python程序设计有所帮助。
