mysql 8.0.18 安装配置方法图文教程(linux)

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本文记录了linux mysql 8.0.18 安装配置图文教程，供大家参考，具体内容如下

1、官网安装包下载地址

2、我这里通过xftp将安装包上传至Linux服务器

3.解压

解压命令：tar -xvf mysql-8.0.18-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar

继续解压需要的那一个

命令： tar -xvf mysql-8.0.18-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

重命名并移动到合适的路径

重命名： mv mysql-8.0.18-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql

移动：

4.在/usr/local/mysql下创建data文件夹

# mkdir data

5.初始化数据库，自动生成密码需记录等下要用

# bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

ps：中间遇到一个坑，初始化数据库时候报了错

具体错误为：bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

解决方法为：yum install libaio-devel.x86_64 原因是缺少了libaio这个东西安装就完事了

再次执行初始化命令

得到初始化密码，需要记下，一会会用到

6.修改/usr/local/mysql 当前目录的用户

# chown -R root:root ./
# chown -R mysql:mysql data

7.复制my-default.cnf这个文件到etc/my.cnf去

具体命令为：

# cd support-files/
# touch my-default.cnf
# chmod 777 ./my-default.cnf 
# cd ../
# cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

8.完了之后配置my.cnf

vim /etc/my.cnf

内容：

[mysqld]

# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M

# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin

# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
log-error = /usr/local/mysql/data/error.log
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.pid
tmpdir = /tmp
port = 5186
#lower_case_table_names = 1
# server_id = .....
# socket = .....
#lower_case_table_names = 1
max_allowed_packet=32M
default-authentication-plugin = mysql_native_password
#lower_case_file_system = on
#lower_case_table_names = 1
log_bin_trust_function_creators = ON
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M 

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

如果后期mysql运行报错，可以直接到log-error = /usr/local/mysql/data/error.log目录下直接查看错误日志

命令:cat /usr/local/mysql/data/error.log

9.开机自启，进入/usr/local/mysql/support-files进行设置

# cd support-files/
# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql 
# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql

10.注册服务

# chkconfig --add mysql

11.查看是否成功

12.etc/ld.so.conf要配置路径，不然报错

# vim /etc/ld.so.conf

添加如下内容:

/usr/local/mysql/lib

13.配置环境变量

# vim /etc/profile
# source /etc/profile

添加如下内容：

#MYSQL ENVIRONMENT
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib

14.登录需要用到上面的生成的密码

#启动mysql服务
[root@localhost bin]# service mysql start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/error.log'.
.. SUCCESS! 
[root@localhost bin]# 
 
#修改mysql密码
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql>

ps：第二个坑，在启动时出现错误详情为：
Starting MySQL...The server quit without updating PID file [FAILED]cal/mysql/data/mysql.pid).

该错误翻了一下午，绕了一大圈，最终问题是my.cnf文件配置问题，千万不能以为加了#就是注释掉了，自己检查了n遍，觉得没有错，结果就是不行，没有办法找了一份另一台服务器的my.cnf配置，复制替换稍加修改，解决问题。