keras绘制acc和loss曲线图实例

所属分类: 脚本专栏 / python 阅读数: 1541
收藏 0 赞 0 分享

我就废话不多说了,大家还是直接看代码吧!

#加载keras模块
from __future__ import print_function
import numpy as np
np.random.seed(1337) # for reproducibility

import keras
from keras.datasets import mnist
from keras.models import Sequential
from keras.layers.core import Dense, Dropout, Activation
from keras.optimizers import SGD, Adam, RMSprop
from keras.utils import np_utils
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
%matplotlib inline

#写一个LossHistory类,保存loss和acc
class LossHistory(keras.callbacks.Callback):
 def on_train_begin(self, logs={}):
  self.losses = {'batch':[], 'epoch':[]}
  self.accuracy = {'batch':[], 'epoch':[]}
  self.val_loss = {'batch':[], 'epoch':[]}
  self.val_acc = {'batch':[], 'epoch':[]}

 def on_batch_end(self, batch, logs={}):
  self.losses['batch'].append(logs.get('loss'))
  self.accuracy['batch'].append(logs.get('acc'))
  self.val_loss['batch'].append(logs.get('val_loss'))
  self.val_acc['batch'].append(logs.get('val_acc'))

 def on_epoch_end(self, batch, logs={}):
  self.losses['epoch'].append(logs.get('loss'))
  self.accuracy['epoch'].append(logs.get('acc'))
  self.val_loss['epoch'].append(logs.get('val_loss'))
  self.val_acc['epoch'].append(logs.get('val_acc'))

 def loss_plot(self, loss_type):
  iters = range(len(self.losses[loss_type]))
  plt.figure()
  # acc
  plt.plot(iters, self.accuracy[loss_type], 'r', label='train acc')
  # loss
  plt.plot(iters, self.losses[loss_type], 'g', label='train loss')
  if loss_type == 'epoch':
   # val_acc
   plt.plot(iters, self.val_acc[loss_type], 'b', label='val acc')
   # val_loss
   plt.plot(iters, self.val_loss[loss_type], 'k', label='val loss')
  plt.grid(True)
  plt.xlabel(loss_type)
  plt.ylabel('acc-loss')
  plt.legend(loc="upper right")
  plt.show()
#变量初始化
batch_size = 128 
nb_classes = 10
nb_epoch = 20

# the data, shuffled and split between train and test sets
(X_train, y_train), (X_test, y_test) = mnist.load_data()

X_train = X_train.reshape(60000, 784)
X_test = X_test.reshape(10000, 784)
X_train = X_train.astype('float32')
X_test = X_test.astype('float32')
X_train /= 255
X_test /= 255
print(X_train.shape[0], 'train samples')
print(X_test.shape[0], 'test samples')

# convert class vectors to binary class matrices
Y_train = np_utils.to_categorical(y_train, nb_classes)
Y_test = np_utils.to_categorical(y_test, nb_classes)

#建立模型 使用Sequential()
model = Sequential()
model.add(Dense(512, input_shape=(784,)))
model.add(Activation('relu'))
model.add(Dropout(0.2))
model.add(Dense(512))
model.add(Activation('relu'))
model.add(Dropout(0.2))
model.add(Dense(10))
model.add(Activation('softmax'))

#打印模型
model.summary()

#训练与评估
#编译模型
model.compile(loss='categorical_crossentropy',
    optimizer=RMSprop(),
    metrics=['accuracy'])
#创建一个实例history
history = LossHistory()

#迭代训练(注意这个地方要加入callbacks)
model.fit(X_train, Y_train,
   batch_size=batch_size, nb_epoch=nb_epoch,
   verbose=1, 
   validation_data=(X_test, Y_test),
   callbacks=[history])

#模型评估
score = model.evaluate(X_test, Y_test, verbose=0)
print('Test score:', score[0])
print('Test accuracy:', score[1])

#绘制acc-loss曲线
history.loss_plot('epoch')

补充知识:keras中自定义验证集的性能评估(ROC,AUC)

在keras中自带的性能评估有准确性以及loss,当需要以auc作为评价验证集的好坏时,就得自己写个评价函数了:

from sklearn.metrics import roc_auc_score
from keras import backend as K

# AUC for a binary classifier
def auc(y_true, y_pred):
 ptas = tf.stack([binary_PTA(y_true,y_pred,k) for k in np.linspace(0, 1, 1000)],axis=0)
 pfas = tf.stack([binary_PFA(y_true,y_pred,k) for k in np.linspace(0, 1, 1000)],axis=0)
 pfas = tf.concat([tf.ones((1,)) ,pfas],axis=0)
 binSizes = -(pfas[1:]-pfas[:-1])
 s = ptas*binSizes
 return K.sum(s, axis=0)
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# PFA, prob false alert for binary classifier
def binary_PFA(y_true, y_pred, threshold=K.variable(value=0.5)):
 y_pred = K.cast(y_pred >= threshold, 'float32')
 # N = total number of negative labels
 N = K.sum(1 - y_true)
 # FP = total number of false alerts, alerts from the negative class labels
 FP = K.sum(y_pred - y_pred * y_true)
 return FP/N
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# P_TA prob true alerts for binary classifier
def binary_PTA(y_true, y_pred, threshold=K.variable(value=0.5)):
 y_pred = K.cast(y_pred >= threshold, 'float32')
 # P = total number of positive labels
 P = K.sum(y_true)
 # TP = total number of correct alerts, alerts from the positive class labels
 TP = K.sum(y_pred * y_true)
 return TP/P
 
#接着在模型的compile中设置metrics
#如下例子,我用的是RNN做分类
from keras.models import Sequential
from keras.layers import Dense, Dropout
import keras
from keras.layers import GRU

model = Sequential()
model.add(keras.layers.core.Masking(mask_value=0., input_shape=(max_lenth, max_features))) #masking用于变长序列输入
model.add(GRU(units=n_hidden_units,activation='selu',kernel_initializer='orthogonal', recurrent_initializer='orthogonal',
    bias_initializer='zeros', kernel_regularizer=regularizers.l2(0.01), recurrent_regularizer=regularizers.l2(0.01),
    bias_regularizer=None, activity_regularizer=None, kernel_constraint=None, recurrent_constraint=None,
    bias_constraint=None, dropout=0.5, recurrent_dropout=0.0, implementation=1, return_sequences=False,
    return_state=False, go_backwards=False, stateful=False, unroll=False)) 
model.add(Dropout(0.5))
model.add(Dense(1, activation='sigmoid'))

model.compile(loss='binary_crossentropy',
    optimizer='adam',
    metrics=[auc]) #写入自定义评价函数

接下来就自己作预测了...

方法二:

from sklearn.metrics import roc_auc_score
import keras
class RocAucMetricCallback(keras.callbacks.Callback):
 def __init__(self, predict_batch_size=1024, include_on_batch=False):
  super(RocAucMetricCallback, self).__init__()
  self.predict_batch_size=predict_batch_size
  self.include_on_batch=include_on_batch
 
 def on_batch_begin(self, batch, logs={}):
  pass
 
 def on_batch_end(self, batch, logs={}):
  if(self.include_on_batch):
   logs['roc_auc_val']=float('-inf')
   if(self.validation_data):
    logs['roc_auc_val']=roc_auc_score(self.validation_data[1], 
             self.model.predict(self.validation_data[0],
                  batch_size=self.predict_batch_size))
 def on_train_begin(self, logs={}):
  if not ('roc_auc_val' in self.params['metrics']):
   self.params['metrics'].append('roc_auc_val')
 
 def on_train_end(self, logs={}):
  pass
 
 def on_epoch_begin(self, epoch, logs={}):
  pass
 
 def on_epoch_end(self, epoch, logs={}):
  logs['roc_auc_val']=float('-inf')
  if(self.validation_data):
   logs['roc_auc_val']=roc_auc_score(self.validation_data[1], 
            self.model.predict(self.validation_data[0],
                 batch_size=self.predict_batch_size))
import numpy as np
import tensorflow as tf
from keras.models import Sequential
from keras.layers import Dense, Dropout
from keras.layers import GRU
import keras
from keras.callbacks import EarlyStopping
from sklearn.metrics import roc_auc_score
from keras import metrics
 
cb = [
 my_callbacks.RocAucMetricCallback(), # include it before EarlyStopping!
 EarlyStopping(monitor='roc_auc_val',patience=300, verbose=2,mode='max')
]
model = Sequential()
model.add(keras.layers.core.Masking(mask_value=0., input_shape=(max_lenth, max_features)))
# model.add(Embedding(input_dim=max_features+1, output_dim=64,mask_zero=True))
model.add(GRU(units=n_hidden_units,activation='selu',kernel_initializer='orthogonal', recurrent_initializer='orthogonal',
    bias_initializer='zeros', kernel_regularizer=regularizers.l2(0.01), recurrent_regularizer=regularizers.l2(0.01),
    bias_regularizer=None, activity_regularizer=None, kernel_constraint=None, recurrent_constraint=None,
    bias_constraint=None, dropout=0.5, recurrent_dropout=0.0, implementation=1, return_sequences=False,
    return_state=False, go_backwards=False, stateful=False, unroll=False)) #input_shape=(max_lenth, max_features),
model.add(Dropout(0.5))
model.add(Dense(1, activation='sigmoid'))
 
model.compile(loss='binary_crossentropy',
    optimizer='adam',
    metrics=[auc]) #这里就可以写其他评估标准
model.fit(x_train, y_train, batch_size=train_batch_size, epochs=training_iters, verbose=2,
   callbacks=cb,validation_split=0.2,
   shuffle=True, class_weight=None, sample_weight=None, initial_epoch=0)

亲测有效!

以上这篇keras绘制acc和loss曲线图实例就是小编分享给大家的全部内容了,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。

更多精彩内容其他人还在看

python2.7无法使用pip的解决方法(安装easy_install)

下面小编就为大家分享一篇python2.7无法使用pip的解决方法(安装easy_install),具有很好的参考价值,希望对大家有所帮助。一起跟随小编过来看看吧
收藏 0 赞 0 分享

Python实现的计算马氏距离算法示例

这篇文章主要介绍了Python实现的计算马氏距离算法,简单说明了马氏距离算法原理,并结合实例形式分析了Python实现与使用马氏距离算法的相关操作技巧,需要的朋友可以参考下
收藏 0 赞 0 分享

python逐行读写txt文件的实例讲解

下面小编就为大家分享一篇python逐行读写txt文件的实例讲解,具有很好的参考价值,希望对大家有所帮助。一起跟随小编过来看看吧
收藏 0 赞 0 分享

python批量读取txt文件为DataFrame的方法

下面小编就为大家分享一篇python批量读取txt文件为DataFrame的方法,具有很好的参考价值,希望对大家有所帮助。一起跟随小编过来看看吧
收藏 0 赞 0 分享

Python通过调用mysql存储过程实现更新数据功能示例

这篇文章主要介绍了Python通过调用mysql存储过程实现更新数据功能,结合实例形式分析了Python调用mysql存储过程实现更新数据的具体步骤与相关操作技巧,需要的朋友可以参考下
收藏 0 赞 0 分享

Python实现的HMacMD5加密算法示例

这篇文章主要介绍了Python实现的HMacMD5加密算法,简单说明了HMAC-MD5加密算法的概念、原理并结合实例形式分析了Python实现HMAC-MD5加密算法的相关操作技巧,,末尾还附带了Java实现HMAC-MD5加密算法的示例,需要的朋友可以参考下
收藏 0 赞 0 分享

图解Python变量与赋值

Python是一门独特的语言,与C语言有很大区别,初学Python很多萌新表示对变量与赋值不理解,这里就大家介绍一下,需要的朋友可以参考下
收藏 0 赞 0 分享

Python中的并发处理之asyncio包使用的详解

本篇文章主要介绍了Python中的并发处理之asyncio包使用的详解,小编觉得挺不错的,现在分享给大家,也给大家做个参考。一起跟随小编过来看看吧
收藏 0 赞 0 分享

Python获取二维矩阵每列最大值的方法

下面小编就为大家分享一篇Python获取二维矩阵每列最大值的方法,具有很好的参考价值,希望对大家有所帮助。一起跟随小编过来看看吧
收藏 0 赞 0 分享

numpy找出array中的最大值,最小值实例

下面小编就为大家分享一篇numpy找出array中的最大值,最小值实例,具有很好的参考价值,希望对大家有所帮助。一起跟随小编过来看看吧
收藏 0 赞 0 分享
查看更多