本文实例讲述了Python Scrapy框架：通用爬虫之CrawlSpider用法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：
步骤01: 创建爬虫项目
scrapy startproject quotes
步骤02: 创建爬虫模版
scrapy genspider -t quotes quotes.toscrape.com
步骤03: 配置爬虫文件quotes.py
import scrapy
from scrapy.spiders import CrawlSpider, Rule
from scrapy.linkextractors import LinkExtractor
class Quotes(CrawlSpider):
# 爬虫名称
name = "get_quotes"
allow_domain = ['quotes.toscrape.com']
start_urls = ['http://quotes.toscrape.com/']
# 设定规则
rules = (
# 对于quotes内容页URL，调用parse_quotes处理，
# 并以此规则跟进获取的链接
Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=r'/page/\d+'), callback='parse_quotes', follow=True),
# 对于author内容页URL，调用parse_author处理，提取数据
Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=r'/author/\w+'), callback='parse_author')
)
# 提取内容页数据方法
def parse_quotes(self, response):
for quote in response.css(".quote"):
yield {'content': quote.css('.text::text').extract_first(),
'author': quote.css('.author::text').extract_first(),
'tags': quote.css('.tag::text').extract()
}
# 获取作者数据方法
def parse_author(self, response):
name = response.css('.author-title::text').extract_first()
author_born_date = response.css('.author-born-date::text').extract_first()
author_bron_location = response.css('.author-born-location::text').extract_first()
author_description = response.css('.author-description::text').extract_first()
return ({'name': name,
'author_bron_date': author_born_date,
'author_bron_location': author_bron_location,
'author_description': author_description
})
步骤04: 运行爬虫
scrapy crawl quotes
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希望本文所述对大家基于Scrapy框架的Python程序设计有所帮助。
