Android Studio 3.1.X中导入项目的正确方法分享

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前言

最近在使用Android Studio 3.1.2导入以前的项目遇到一些坑，借此机会把相关处理方法分享出来。

下面以导入Android Studio2.3.3项目为例：

在此之前先建议你用Android Studio 3.1.2创建一个新的项目，看看有哪些变化，这对你很有帮助。

修改app\build:gradle

修改compileSdkVersion和buildToolsVersion

修改前，

compileSdkVersion 23
buildToolsVersion '25.0.0'

修改后：

compileSdkVersion 27
buildToolsVersion '27.0.3'

其中buildToolsVersion 是在Android Studio 3.0之后取消了，你可以保留也可以注释掉，在defaultConfig方法中将targetSdkVersion 为27并增加一下代码。

testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"

修改依赖关键字 compile(implementation/api),provided(compileOnly),apk(runtimeOnly)

修改前：

dependencies {
 compile fileTree(include: ['*.jar'], dir: 'libs')
 compile name: 'SMSSDK-3.0.0', ext: 'aar'
 compile name: 'SMSSDKGUI-3.0.0', ext: 'aar'
 compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:23.4.0'
 compile 'com.android.support:design:23.4.0'
 compile 'com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:23.4.0'
 compile 'de.hdodenhof:circleimageview:2.1.0'
 compile 'com.youth.banner:banner:1.4.9'
 compile 'com.facebook.fresco:fresco:0.13.0'
 compile 'com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:3.4.1'
 compile 'com.google.code.gson:gson:2.8.0'
 compile 'com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:3.7.0'
 compile 'com.android.support:support-v4:23.4.0'
 compile 'com.foamtrace:photopicker:1.0'
 compile 'com.github.chrisbanes.photoview:library:1.2.4'
 compile 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.0.2'
 testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
 compile project(':ZXingAndroid')
 compile 'com.google.zxing:core:3.3.1'
}

修改后：

dependencies {
 implementation fileTree(include: ['*.jar'], dir: 'libs')
 implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:27.1.1'
 implementation 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.1.1'
 testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
 androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.2'
 androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.0.2'
 implementation name: 'SMSSDK-3.0.0', ext: 'aar'
 implementation name: 'SMSSDKGUI-3.0.0', ext: 'aar'
 implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:27.1.1'
 implementation 'com.android.support:design:27.1.1'
 implementation 'com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:27.1.1'
 implementation 'de.hdodenhof:circleimageview:2.1.0'
 implementation 'com.youth.banner:banner:1.4.9'
 implementation 'com.facebook.fresco:fresco:0.13.0'
 implementation 'com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:3.4.1'
 implementation 'com.google.code.gson:gson:2.8.0'
 implementation 'com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:3.7.0'
 implementation 'com.android.support:support-v4:27.1.1'
 implementation 'com.foamtrace:photopicker:1.0'
 implementation 'com.github.chrisbanes.photoview:library:1.2.4'
 implementation 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.0.2'
 implementation 'com.google.zxing:core:3.3.1'
}

修改项目下的XXX（项目名）\build:gradle

修改前：

<code class="language-html">// Top-level build file where you can add configuration options common to all sub-projects/modules. 
 
buildscript { 
 repositories { 
 jcenter() 
} dependencies { 
 classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:2.3.3' 
 
 // NOTE: Do not place your application odependencies here; they belong 
 // in the individual module build.gradle files 
} 
} 
 
allprojects { 
repositories { 
 jcenter() 
 maven {url "https://jitpack.io" } 
} 
} 
 
task clean(type: Delete) { 
delete rootProject.buildDir 
}</code>

修改后：

// Top-level build file where you can add configuration options common to all sub-projects/modules.
 
buildscript {
 repositories {
 google()
 jcenter()
 }
 dependencies {
 classpath 'com.android.tools.buiwld:gradle:3.1.3'//与AS版本号保持一致
 
 // NOTE: Do not place your application dependencies here; they belong
 // in the individual module build.gradle files
 }
}
 
allprojects {
 repositories {
 google()
 jcenter()
 maven { url "https://jitpack.io" }
 }
}
 
task clean(type: Delete) {
 delete rootProject.buildDir
}

repositories方法中都增加了google()，build:gradle改和当前AS版本号一致。

修改gradle-wrapper.properties

修改前：

#Tue Aug 29 08:07:34 CST 2017
distributionBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
distributionPath=wrapper/dists
zipStoreBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
zipStorePath=wrapper/dists
distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-3.3-all.zip

修改后：

#Tue Aug 29 08:07:34 CST 2017
distributionBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
distributionPath=wrapper/dists
zipStoreBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
zipStorePath=wrapper/dists
distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-4.4-all.zip

主要修改了：distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-4.4-all.zip

这里告一段落，上面都改好之后同步项目（sync）。我为什么建议你把上面的都改好之后再同步，这样省事儿，刚开始的时候我也是改一点同步一下，问题多且很浪费时间，如果其中有些问题没能解决就容易走偏。

如果报错：

<code class="language-html">Error: java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: com.android.builder.internal.aapt.v2.Aapt2Exception: AAPT2 error: check logs for details 
</code>

修改gradle.properties，增加如下代码