Android6.0中把Apache HTTP Client所有的包与类都标记为deprecated不再建议使用所有跟HTTP相关的数据请求与提交操作都通过HttpURLConnection类实现，现实是很多Android开发者一直都Apache HTTP Client来做andoird客户端与后台HTTP接口数据交互，小编刚刚用HttpURLConnection做了一个android的APP，不小心踩到了几个坑，总结下最常用的就通过HttpURLConnection来POST提交JSON数据与GET请求JSON数据。此外就是下载图片，下载图片分为显示进度与不显示进度两种。其中提交数据的时候涉及中文一定要先把中文转码成utf-8之后在POST提交，否则就会一直遇到HTTP 400的错误。
一、GET请求JSON数据的例子
public UserDto execute(String... params) {
InputStream inputStream = null;
HttpURLConnection urlConnection = null;
try {
// read responseURLEncoder.encode(para, "GBK");
String urlWithParams = DOMAIN_ADDRESS + MEMBER_REQUEST_TOKEN_URL + "?userName=" + java.net.URLEncoder.encode(params[0],"utf-8") + "&password=" + params[1];
URL url = new URL(urlWithParams);
urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
/* optional request header */
urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json; charset=UTF-8");
/* optional request header */
urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Accept", "application/json");
/* for Get request */
urlConnection.setRequestMethod("GET");
int statusCode = urlConnection.getResponseCode();
/* 200 represents HTTP OK */
if (statusCode == 200) {
inputStream = new BufferedInputStream(urlConnection.getInputStream());
String response = HttpUtil.convertInputStreamToString(inputStream);
Gson gson = new Gson();
UserDto dto = gson.fromJson(response, UserDto.class);
if (dto != null && dto.getToken() != null) {
Log.i("token", "find the token = " + dto.getToken());
}
return dto;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (inputStream != null) {
try {
inputStream.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (urlConnection != null) {
urlConnection.disconnect();
}
}
return null;
}
二、POST提交JSON数据
public Map<String, String> execute(NotificationDto dto) {
InputStream inputStream = null;
HttpURLConnection urlConnection = null;
try {
URL url = new URL(getUrl);
urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
/* optional request header */
urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json; charset=UTF-8");
/* optional request header */
urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Accept", "application/json");
dto.setCreator(java.net.URLEncoder.encode(dto.getCreator(), "utf-8"));
// read response
/* for Get request */
urlConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");
urlConnection.setDoOutput(true);
DataOutputStream wr = new DataOutputStream(urlConnection.getOutputStream());
Gson gson = new Gson();
String jsonString = gson.toJson(dto);
wr.writeBytes(jsonString);
wr.flush();
wr.close();
// try to get response
int statusCode = urlConnection.getResponseCode();
if (statusCode == 200) {
inputStream = new BufferedInputStream(urlConnection.getInputStream());
String response = HttpUtil.convertInputStreamToString(inputStream);
Map<String, String> resultMap = gson.fromJson(response, Map.class);
if (resultMap != null && resultMap.size() > 0) {
Log.i("applyDesigner", "please check the map with key");
}
return resultMap;
}
}
catch(Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
finally
{
if (inputStream != null) {
try {
inputStream.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (urlConnection != null) {
urlConnection.disconnect();
}
}
return null;
}
三、下载图片显示下载进度
package com.example.demo;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.util.Log;
public class ImageLoadTask extends AsyncTask<String, Void, Bitmap> {
private Handler handler;
public ImageLoadTask(Handler handler) {
this.handler = handler;
}
protected void onPostExecute(Bitmap result) {
Message msg = new Message();
msg.obj = result;
handler.sendMessage(msg);
}
protected Bitmap doInBackground(String... getUrls) {
InputStream inputStream = null;
HttpURLConnection urlConnection = null;
try {
// open connection
URL url = new URL(getUrls[0]);
urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
/* for Get request */
urlConnection.setRequestMethod("GET");
int fileLength = urlConnection.getContentLength();
int statusCode = urlConnection.getResponseCode();
if (statusCode == 200) {
inputStream = urlConnection.getInputStream();
byte data[] = new byte[4096];
long total = 0;
int count;
ByteArrayOutputStream output = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
while ((count = inputStream.read(data)) != -1) {
total += count;
// publishing the progress....
if (fileLength > 0 && handler != null) {
handler.sendEmptyMessage(((int) (total * 100 / fileLength)) - 1);
}
output.write(data, 0, count);
}
ByteArrayInputStream bufferInput = new ByteArrayInputStream(output.toByteArray());
Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(bufferInput);
inputStream.close();
bufferInput.close();
output.close();
Log.i("image", "already get the image by uuid : " + getUrls[0]);
handler.sendEmptyMessage(100);
return bitmap;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (inputStream != null) {
try {
inputStream.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (urlConnection != null) {
urlConnection.disconnect();
}
}
return null;
}
}
总结：使用HttpURLConnection提交JSON数据的时候编码方式为UTF-8所有中文字符请一定要预先转码为UTF-8，然后在后台服务器对应的API中解码为UTF-8，不然就会报错HTTP 400。
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习Android软件编程有所帮助。
