Ajax如何传输Json和xml数据

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ajax传输xml数据：只要把数据封装成xml格式就可以实现传输，前台js用responseXML接收xml参数，后台读取用流和dom4j来解析

前台页面

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>Ajax XML数据处理演示</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
  //get方式ajax
  function send1(){
   alert("ok");
   var name=document.getElementsByName("name")[0].value;
   var age=document.getElementsByName("age")[0].value;
   var xhr=null;
   if(window.XMLHttpRequest){
    xhr=new XMLHttpRequest();
   }else{
    xhr=new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHttp");
   }

   var url="<c:url value='/XmlServlet?name='/>"+name+"&age="+age;
   //3设置访问方式
   xhr.open("GET", url, true);
   //4设置访问成功返回后的操作
   xhr.onreadystatechange=function(){
    if(xhr.readyState==4){//返回
     if(xhr.status==200){//响应代码正常
      var txt=xhr.responseText;
      alert(txt);

     }
    }
   };
   xhr.send(null);
  }
 </script>

<!-- 前台以xml的格式向服务器发送数据 -->
<script type="text/javascript">
  //post方式ajax
  function send2(){
   alert("222");
   //1创建ajax对象
   var xhr = null;
   if(window.XMLHttpRequest){//高版本
    xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
   }else{//低版本
    xhr = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHttp");
   }

   //2请求地址
   var url = "<c:url value='/XmlServlet'/>";

   //3设置访问方式
   xhr.open("POST", url, true);
   //4设置访问成功返回后的操作
   xhr.onreadystatechange=function(){
    if(xhr.readyState==4){//返回
     if(xhr.status==200){//响应代码正常
      var xmlObj=xhr.responseXML;
      var users=xmlObj.getElementsByTagName("user");
      for(var i=0;i<users.length;i++){
       var id=users[i].getAttribute("id");
       var name=users[i].childNodes[0].firstChild.data;//xml中的dom模型中的操作方法，和html中有点小差别
       var age=users[i].childNodes[1].firstChild.data;//不能用childNodes["age"]
       alert(id+","+name+","+age);
      }
     }
    }
   };
   var name=document.getElementsByName("name")[0].value;
   var age=document.getElementsByName("age")[0].value;
   var xml="<user><name>"+name+"</name><age>"+age+"</age></user>";
   xhr.send(xml);
  }
 </script>

</head>
<body>
 Name:
 <input type="text" name="name">
 <br /> Age:
 <input type="text" name="age">
 <br />
 <input type="button" value="Get提交" onclick="send1();" />
 <br />
 <input type="button" value="Post提交" onclick="send2()" />
 <br />
</body>
</html>

后台页面

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>Ajax XML数据处理演示</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
  //get方式ajax
  function send1(){
   alert("ok");
   var name=document.getElementsByName("name")[0].value;
   var age=document.getElementsByName("age")[0].value;
   var xhr=null;
   if(window.XMLHttpRequest){
    xhr=new XMLHttpRequest();
   }else{
    xhr=new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHttp");
   }

   var url="<c:url value='/XmlServlet?name='/>"+name+"&age="+age;
   //3设置访问方式
   xhr.open("GET", url, true);
   //4设置访问成功返回后的操作
   xhr.onreadystatechange=function(){
    if(xhr.readyState==4){//返回
     if(xhr.status==200){//响应代码正常
      var txt=xhr.responseText;
      alert(txt);

     }
    }
   };
   xhr.send(null);
  }
 </script>

<!-- 前台以xml的格式向服务器发送数据 -->
<script type="text/javascript">
  //post方式ajax
  function send2(){
   alert("222");
   //1创建ajax对象
   var xhr = null;
   if(window.XMLHttpRequest){//高版本
    xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
   }else{//低版本
    xhr = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHttp");
   }

   //2请求地址
   var url = "<c:url value='/XmlServlet'/>";

   //3设置访问方式
   xhr.open("POST", url, true);
   //4设置访问成功返回后的操作
   xhr.onreadystatechange=function(){
    if(xhr.readyState==4){//返回
     if(xhr.status==200){//响应代码正常
      var xmlObj=xhr.responseXML;
      var users=xmlObj.getElementsByTagName("user");
      for(var i=0;i<users.length;i++){
       var id=users[i].getAttribute("id");
       var name=users[i].childNodes[0].firstChild.data;//xml中的dom模型中的操作方法，和html中有点小差别
       var age=users[i].childNodes[1].firstChild.data;//不能用childNodes["age"]
       alert(id+","+name+","+age);
      }
     }
    }
   };
   var name=document.getElementsByName("name")[0].value;
   var age=document.getElementsByName("age")[0].value;
   var xml="<user><name>"+name+"</name><age>"+age+"</age></user>";
   xhr.send(xml);
  }
 </script>

</head>
<body>
 Name:
 <input type="text" name="name">
 <br /> Age:
 <input type="text" name="age">
 <br />
 <input type="button" value="Get提交" onclick="send1();" />
 <br />
 <input type="button" value="Post提交" onclick="send2()" />
 <br />
</body>
</html>

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Ajax传输Json数据的要点利用Apache或者阿里巴巴的JSONArray类进行传输
前台代码

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>Ajax Json数据处理演示</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
 function ask1() {
  //1创建ajax对象
  var xhr = null;
  if (window.XMLHttpRequest) {//高版本
   xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
  } else {//低版本
   xhr = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHttp");
  }

  //2请求地址
  var url = "<c:url value='/JsonServlet1'/>";

  //3设置访问方式
  xhr.open("POST", url, true);

  //4设置访问成功返回后的操作
  xhr.onreadystatechange = function() {
   if (xhr.readyState == 4) {//返回
    if (xhr.status == 200) {//响应代码正常
     //※※※※※解析后台返回的json串
     //js中eval()方法的功能：是校验参数文本串符合js中哪一种数据类型，并把其转换成对应类型的对象
     var txt = xhr.responseText;
     var users = eval("(" + txt + ")"); //把符合json格式的文本串 转换成 json对象
     for ( var i = 0; i < users.length; i++) {
      alert(users[i].id + "," + users[i].name + ","
        + users[i].age);
     }
    }
   }
  };
  //5 发送
  xhr.send(null);
 }

 function ask2() {
  //1创建ajax对象
  var xhr = null;
  if (window.XMLHttpRequest) {//高版本
   xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
  } else {//低版本
   xhr = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHttp");
  }

  //2请求地址
  var url = "<c:url value='/JsonServlet2'/>";

  //3设置访问方式
  xhr.open("POST", url, true);

  //4设置访问成功返回后的操作
  xhr.onreadystatechange = function() {
   if (xhr.readyState == 4) {//返回
    if (xhr.status == 200) {//响应代码正常
     //※※※※※解析后台返回的json串
     //js中eval()方法的功能：是校验参数文本串符合js中哪一种数据类型，并把其转换成对应类型的对象
     var txt = xhr.responseText;
     //alert(txt);
     //把符合json格式的文本串 转换成 json对象
     var users = eval("(" + txt + ")"); 
     for ( var key in users)//map的便利方式
      alert("属性：" + key + ",值：" + users[key]);
     }
     //for ( var i = 0; i < users.length; i++) {//list的遍历方式
      //alert(users[i].id +","+users[i].name+","+users[i].age);
     //}
   };
  };
  //5 发送
  xhr.send(null);
 }


 function ask3() {
  //1创建ajax对象
  var xhr = null;
  if (window.XMLHttpRequest) {//高版本
   xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
  } else {//低版本
   xhr = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHttp");
  }

  //2请求地址
  var url = "<c:url value='/JsonServlet2'/>";

  //3设置访问方式
  xhr.open("POST", url, true);

  //4设置访问成功返回后的操作
  xhr.onreadystatechange = function() {
   if (xhr.readyState == 4) {//返回
    if (xhr.status == 200) {//响应代码正常
     //※※※※※解析后台返回的json串
     //js中eval()方法的功能：是校验参数文本串符合js中哪一种数据类型，并把其转换成对应类型的对象
     var txt = xhr.responseText;
     //alert(txt);
     //把符合json格式的文本串 转换成 json对象
     var users = eval("(" + txt + ")"); 
     for ( var key in users)//map的便利方式
      alert("属性：" + key + ",值：" + users[key]);
     }
     //for ( var i = 0; i < users.length; i++) {//list的遍历方式
      //alert(users[i].id +","+users[i].name+","+users[i].age);
     //}
   };
  };
  //5 发送
  xhr.send(null);
 }
</script>

</head>
<body>
 <input type="button" onclick="ask1();" value="ajax请求后台数据(手动封装json方式)" />
 <br />
 <input type="button" onclick="ask2();"
  value="ajax请求后台数据(用apache工具封装json方式)" />
 <input type="button" onclick="ask3()" value="ajax请求后台数据(用fastjson工具封装json方式)" />
</body>
</html>

JsonServlet1.java

package cn.hncu.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import cn.hncu.domain.User;

public class JsonServlet1 extends HttpServlet {

 public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
   throws ServletException, IOException {
  doPost(request, response);
 }


 public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
   throws ServletException, IOException {
  //调用后台service.dao.query()，到数据库当中把信息读取出来
  //为简化知识点的理解，此处后台部分的功能直接模拟
  response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
  PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
  List<User> users = new ArrayList<User>();
  users.add(new User("A001","Jack",20));
  users.add(new User("A002","Rose",22));
  users.add(new User("B001","张三",20));
  users.add(new User("B002","李四",30));
  String json="";
  //用java封装出json格式的字符串：[{name:"Jack",age:25}, {...}, {...} ]
  for(User u:users){
   if(json.equals("")){
    json="{name:\""+u.getName()+"\",id:\""+u.getId()+"\",age:"+u.getAge()+"}";
   }else{
    json = json +",{ name:\""+u.getName()+"\",id:\""+u.getId()+"\",age:"+u.getAge()+"}" ;
   }
  }
  json="["+json+"]";
  out.print(json);
 }

}

JsonServlet2.java

package cn.hncu.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import cn.hncu.domain.User;

import net.sf.json.JSONArray;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;

public class JsonServlet2 extends HttpServlet {

 public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
   throws ServletException, IOException {

  response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
  PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
  List<User> users = new ArrayList<User>();
  users.add(new User("A001","Jack",20));
  users.add(new User("A002","Rose",22));
  users.add(new User("B001","张三",20));
  users.add(new User("B002","李四",30));
  String strJson=com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONArray.toJSONString(users);
  System.out.println(strJson);
  //用fastjson工具(只有一个jar包)帮我们把list转换成json串
  Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
  map.put("addr", "湖南");
  map.put("height", "170");
  map.put("marry", "no");
  map.put("user", new User("A003","小李",25));
  String strMap=com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONArray.toJSONString(map);

  out.print(strMap.toString());
 }

}

JsonServlet3.java

package cn.hncu.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import net.sf.json.JSONArray;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
import cn.hncu.domain.User;

public class JsonServlet3 extends HttpServlet {

 public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
   throws ServletException, IOException {

  response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
  PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
  List<User> users = new ArrayList<User>();
  users.add(new User("A001","Jack",20));
  users.add(new User("A002","Rose",22));
  users.add(new User("B001","张三",20));
  users.add(new User("B002","李四",30));
  //用fastjson工具(只有一个jar包)帮我们把list转换成json串
  JSONArray json=JSONArray.fromObject(users);
  String strJson=json.toString();
  System.out.println(strJson);

  Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
  map.put("addr", "湖南");
  map.put("height", "170");
  map.put("marry", "no");
  map.put("user", new User("A003","小李",25));
  JSONObject obj = JSONObject.fromObject(map);
  System.out.println(obj.toString());

  out.print(obj.toString());
 }

}

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。

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